{"id":1885,"date":"2022-05-26T10:35:51","date_gmt":"2022-05-26T15:35:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vistprojects.com\/en\/?p=1885"},"modified":"2022-05-26T10:35:51","modified_gmt":"2022-05-26T15:35:51","slug":"art-and-drugs-in-colombia-an-investigation%ef%bf%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vistprojects.com\/en\/art-and-drugs-in-colombia-an-investigation%ef%bf%bc\/","title":{"rendered":"Art and drugs in Colombia: an investigation\ufffc"},"content":{"rendered":"

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pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text admin_label=”T\u00edtulo” module_class=”vsp-titulo-top” _builder_version=”4.15″ _dynamic_attributes=”content” _module_preset=”default” height=”100%” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”40px|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” global_colors_info=”{}”]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90aXRsZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7ImJlZm9yZSI6IjxoMT4iLCJhZnRlciI6IjwvaDE+In19@[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_class=”vst-p” _builder_version=”4.15.1″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”50px||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Rodrigo Lara Bonilla was killed, arriving at his home on April 30, 1984. Pablo Escobar hired the hitman. Bonilla was Minister of Justice, and one of his flags was the fight against the Medell\u00edn cartel. After his death, the government of Belisario Betancur approved the Extradition Law, which officially began the so-called “war on drugs” in Colombia.<\/p>\n

Researcher and curator Santiago Rueda<\/strong> remember the night of the assassination. His house was near the place where it happened, and he remembers the impact he felt, not only because of the event but also when he saw the hitman, a boy a little younger than him. That day, Santiago says, Colombia became a narco country. “That marked a before and after. From that point, the number of anecdotes that all of us Colombians have about the narco is endless.”<\/p>\n

Santiago studied arts and began to work on the issue of drugs and the narco phenomenon in a more visible way. Starting in 2008, when he published his book Una l\u00ednea de polvo. Arte y drogas en in Colombia.<\/em> At that point, Santiago had identified a series of works that dealt with the subject in journalism, film, and literature. But there is a void in the study of the visual arts. Thus, he began a series of investigations<\/a> that he later extended to the rest of the continent, accompanied by exhibitions in several Latin American countries.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Fila-regular 10-90″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0px|50px|0px|50px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_radii=”off||||” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_color=”off” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”width:10%!important;” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”width:90%!important;” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” custom_css_main_element_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_css_main_element_tablet=”width:100%!important;” custom_css_main_element_phone=”width:100%!important;”][et_pb_code admin_label=”Imagen Esp” module_class=”vst-cnt-img” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=”Pie de foto” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#6e6e6e” text_font_size=”13px” text_letter_spacing=”0.16px” text_orientation=”right” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”||10px||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|20px|5px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”font-weight:400;” global_colors_info=”{}”]Carlos Zerpa. Homenaje a Colombia (1988)<\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Fila-regular” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0px|50px|60px|50px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_radii=”off||||” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_color=”off” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text module_class=”vst-p” _builder_version=”4.15.1″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”50px||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

In Una l\u00ednea de polvo you decided to use the expression “el fen\u00f3meno narco” and not the word “narco-trafficking”, why did you make that decision?<\/strong><\/p>\n

It is not my idea. Narco is not only trafficking. Colombia is a producer, marketer, launderer, and consumer country. Additionally, we have a tradition in the use of plants. To be able to work on these ideas 15 years ago, it was necessary to update them. The term narco is more valuable, and the term drugs, for example, today seems insufficient to me. That is why my penultimate book is entitled Plata y plomo. Una historia del arte y de las sustancias (i)l\u00edcitas en Colombia.<\/p>\n

Una l\u00ednea de polvo, was written with the children of the future in mind, conceived as a book that would serve as a short and descriptive compendium of the problem that would also tell how visual artists responded to it.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Do you think there is a narco genre?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Not necessarily. It is, in fact, something I have discussed a lot, and we deal with it in the new book we conceived with Harold Ortiz, Mona\u00aeco. When you examine the work of artists like Carlos Uribe, Victor Mu\u00f1oz, Wilson Diaz, or Miguel Angel Rojas, you see that they deal with the subject, but no artist only works with narco. There is no narco genre because the artists themselves go in and out of the issue and their particularity. There is a narco-aesthetic, as a phenomenon that is renewed in Colombian culture, but there are no narco-genre artists in the visual arts.<\/p>\n

Suppose you see the exhibitions I have done on the subject. In that case, you will say, “but this looks like a party.” There are hanging papers with little devils. There are flags, pipes, traffic signs, stickers, plastic submarines, a jukebox, or rather a Co-Cola, a very cheerful iconography, which you can read in the key of whatever you want. Still, it is neither narco-aesthetics nor is it documentary. What I work on has something of all that. It is fascinating because that has not been talked about so much. In my curatorial work and my experience in bringing together the works that interest me, the result is different: it is not pessimistic, nor does it judge or accuse. But it is a compendium of how we live culturally with substances and how we find solutions to the problem or try to do so.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Fila 50-50″ module_class=”vst-cnt-img-x2″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”0px|50px|0px|50px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|25px||25px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|20px||20px|false|false” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|10px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|5px|||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|0px|||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” custom_css_main_element_last_edited=”on|desktop”][et_pb_code admin_label=”Imagen Esp” module_class=”vst-cnt-img” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]\"\"[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=”Pie de foto” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#6e6e6e” text_font_size=”13px” text_letter_spacing=”0.16px” text_orientation=”right” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”||10px||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|20px|5px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”font-weight:400;” global_colors_info=”{}”]Santiago Mesa. Eterna primavera (2017) -foto de Fico-<\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|10px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|||5px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Fila-regular 10-90″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0px|50px|0px|50px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_radii=”off||||” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_color=”off” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”width:10%!important;” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”width:90%!important;” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_code admin_label=”Imagen Esp” module_class=”vst-cnt-img” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”]\"\"[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text disabled_on=”off|off|off” admin_label=”Pie de foto” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#6e6e6e” text_font_size=”13px” text_letter_spacing=”0.16px” text_orientation=”right” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”||10px||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|20px|5px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”font-weight:400;” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]Naide. Variaci\u00f3n de f\u00e1bula y bandido (1982)<\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Fila-regular” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0px|50px|60px|50px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_radii=”off||||” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_color=”off” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text module_class=”vst-p” _builder_version=”4.15.1″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”50px||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Una l\u00ednea de polvo,<\/em> became a curatorial work and a series of exhibitions, but that part of the work took a long time to arrive in Colombia, why do you think that happened?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Because people have many prejudices. I presented myself to calls and they rejected the proposal; they said that I was going to make the country look bad. Imagine people in the culture saying that as if it were a serious argument. Also, it was hushed. What can be discussed today is not the same as what could be discussed 10 years ago, that is, we have really changed in that aspect, and many debates have already been aired today.<\/p>\n

There has been censorship. I do not talk much about it, but there was. We managed to have the exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Bogota in 2018. And then I managed to get it to travel, and it was able to be in Medell\u00edn, Bogot\u00e1 again, Cali, and Pereira, all in 2019.<\/p>\n

Una l\u00ednea de polvo, was invited to the Narcolombia exhibition at the end of last year during the pandemic. It was something impressive. I didn’t imagine that it would have such an impact or a large audience. The debates finally took place openly, from the front and the institutional level, in this case, from the Universidad de Los Andes, and thanks to the exhibition organizers, Omar Rinc\u00f3n, Lucas Ospina, and X Andrade. Now we are launching Mona\u00aeco. Memorias il\u00edcitas contadas desde el arte<\/a>, a series of dialogues recorded in each city where Una l\u00ednea polvo was exhibited in 2019. Where artists, cartoonists, journalists, and representatives of the indigenous communities of Cauca, among others participate. A series of conversations that address a broad spectrum of the narco in each of those contexts: art collecting and financial speculation; humor, opinion and censorship; the use and abuse of substances and the place of sacred plants. All against the backdrop of the implosion of the Monaco Building in Medellin that same year. Mona\u00aeco is a new visual compendium on the subject, showing more than 80 works by 40 artists, some of them unpublished.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Fila 50-50″ module_class=”vst-cnt-img-x2″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”0px|50px|0px|50px|false|true” custom_padding_tablet=”|25px||25px|false|true” custom_padding_phone=”|20px||20px|false|true” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_code admin_label=”Imagen Esp” module_class=”vst-cnt-img” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]\"\"[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” admin_label=”Fila-regular” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”RGBA(0,0,0,0)” width=”100%” max_width=”1920px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0px|50px|60px|50px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false” border_radii=”off||||” collapsed=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_color=”off” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text module_class=”vst-p” _builder_version=”4.15.1″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”50px||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

From your perspective and knowledge, how has art and its positions on this issue changed from the 1990s to now?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Two things have happened. First, with the legalization of medicinal and recreational cannabis, the last in Canada and Uruguay, and the dissemination of therapeutic practices of other plants, we have stopped demonizing substances. We have become familiar with them, and we are discovering them and discovering ourselves through them. There is a change in the collective conscience, allowing a more open dialogue on the subject. On the other hand, more works are being produced, more situations are being created, and the issue has also grown negatively in the continent. Some countries did not deal with it when I started with the subject. The phenomenon has been expansive. For example, in Brazil, they did was not dealt with it, and then, with the crack epidemic, artists began to work on the subject of drugs. In Argentina as well. Rosario, where coincidentally started the path of U<\/span>na l\u00ednea de polvo,\u00a0<\/span><\/em>in 2012, became in the last decade a narco city. Of course, Mexico and Central America too.<\/span><\/p>\n

With my travels and research, I have gathered more voices. When I did the penultimate version of A Line of Dust in Pereira at the Pereira Art Museum, I had 70 artists invited. What I did was to take the exhibition we had done at the Nutibara Hotel in Medellin months before, along with other works that I gathered. We reached a very high number of artists, equal to what you can have in any international biennial, reaching its ceiling. The question was, above this, what else can be done?<\/span><\/p>\n

In\u00a0<\/span>Narcolombia,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0I decided to work with eight artists, mainly from Medell\u00edn, to make a historical recovery and show the most recent. Among the first, there are two fundamental women: Marta Elena V\u00e9lez with\u00a0<\/span>El tigre\u00a0<\/span><\/em>(1981), one of the first works that effectively refer to the nascent narco-aesthetic. And the paintings of Ethel Gilmour, a North American artist who lived in Medell\u00edn and one of the foremost chroniclers of what it was like to live in a narco city. Apart from including artists such as Nadin Ospina, Fernando Uhia, and Jaime Avila, we showed Camilo Restrepo’s\u00a0<\/span>a ToN oF coke\u00a0<\/span><\/em>(2021), a ton of virtual cocaine – physically non-existent – available kilo by kilo only through NFTs. In contrast to the versions I made progressively in the last 10 years, it was a small-scale exhibition – which can be seen in the book\u00a0<\/span>Post scriptum: Una l\u00ednea de polvo en Am\u00e9rica Latina\u00a0<\/span><\/a>edited by Pierre Valls in Mexico.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In Narcolombia I decided to work with 8 artists, mainly from Medell\u00edn, to carry out a historical recovery and teach it more recently. Among the fundamental women, Marta Elena V\u00e9lez with The tiger (1981), one of the first works that effectively refer to the nascent narco aesthetic, and with the paintings of Ethel Gilmour, an American artist who lived in Medell\u00edn, and one of the first chroniclers of what it was to live in a narco city. Apart from including artists like Nadin Ospina, Fernando Uhia and Jaime Avila, we teach Camilo Restrepo’s ToN oF coke (2021), a ton of virtual cocaine -physically nonexistent- that can be acquired kilo by kilo only through nft. It was an exhibition on a small scale, in contrast to the versions carried out progressively in the last ten years – which can be known through the book Post scriptum: Una l\u00ednea de polvo en Am\u00e9rica latinaedited by Pierre Valls in Mexico.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

How has the relationship between art and the narco phenomenon developed in commercial terms?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Until the 60s, and 70s, art, not only in Colombia, was a minimal activity. Immensely few people liked it. After the fall of the Wall, when the culture became a spectacle, and the service economy and entertainment industries developed massively, especially in Europe, museums, biennials, and enormous exhibitions began to gain strength as engines of tourism and real estate development. Since 2000 or so, the phenomenon of international art fairs began due to the gigantic financial speculation. Art comes into play because it is very appropriate to manufacture false values. You can put a price on it and say it is crucial and who says it is not. The art market came out of that crisis unscathed, the big fairs continued, and the works of renowned artists continued to be very expensive.<\/span><\/p>\n

Art has served as a washing machine on the ground for the narco and the financial world in general. In addition, the art system is a pyramid where there are thousands of artists, but few who obtain the benefits and can live from their work, there are very few who sell very well. It is a system that is based on exclusivity. Because of that, it is only possible to offer something unique, extravagantly expensive, and imbued with a fictitious aura, which is finally where the market is monetized and kept alive. And everything is conditional on art and it’s a very narco thing. The high culture turns out to be very mafia.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Gilmour Ethel | El minuto de dios (1980) Oleo sobre lienzo _ 70x70cm<\/p>\n

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Uribe Carlos | Horizontes (1999) Impresion digital sobre tela | 100x200cm<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=”on|on|on” admin_label=”Pie de foto” _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#6e6e6e” text_font_size=”13px” text_letter_spacing=”0.16px” text_orientation=”right” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”||10px||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|20px|5px||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_main_element=”font-weight:400;” disabled=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.15″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|10px|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|||5px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Juan Melo, 2021\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t<\/svg><\/a>\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t<\/svg><\/a>\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t<\/g>\n\t<\/svg><\/a>Rodrigo Lara Bonilla was killed, arriving at his home on April 30, 1984. Pablo Escobar hired the hitman. Bonilla was Minister of Justice, and one of his flags was the fight against the Medell\u00edn cartel. After his death, the government of Belisario Betancur approved the Extradition Law, which officially began the so-called “war […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|tablet\" module_class=\"vst-tm-entrevista\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"100%\" module_alignment=\"center\" min_height=\"100vh\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"100px|0px|100px|0px|true|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"70px||||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila-intro\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"100%\" 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_builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"100%\" min_height=\"2px\" height=\"2px\" max_height=\"2px\" custom_padding=\"15px||15px||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_code admin_label=\"Social\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][vist_social_buttons][\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"3_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text admin_label=\"T\u00edtulo\" module_class=\"vsp-titulo-top\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _dynamic_attributes=\"content\" _module_preset=\"default\" height=\"100%\" custom_padding_tablet=\"50px|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"40px|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|tablet\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90aXRsZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7ImJlZm9yZSI6IjxoMT4iLCJhZnRlciI6IjwvaDE+In19@[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_class=\"vst-p\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"50px||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nA Rodrigo Lara Bonilla lo mataron llegando a su casa el 30 de abril de 1984. El sicario fue contratado por Pablo Escobar. Bonilla era Ministro de Justicia y una de sus banderas era la lucha contra el cartel de Medell\u00edn. Despu\u00e9s de su muerte, el gobierno de Belisario Betancur aprob\u00f3 la Ley de extradici\u00f3n, con la que se inici\u00f3 oficialmente la llamada \u201cguerra contra las drogas\u201d en Colombia.<\/span>\n\nEl investigador y curador <\/span>Santiago Rueda<\/b> recuerda la noche del asesinato. Su casa quedaba cerca del lugar donde sucedi\u00f3 y recuerda el impacto que sinti\u00f3, no solo por el hecho, sino tambi\u00e9n al ver al sicario, un muchacho un poco m\u00e1s joven que \u00e9l. Ese d\u00eda, dice Santiago, Colombia se convirti\u00f3 en un pa\u00eds narco. \u201cEso marc\u00f3 un antes y un despu\u00e9s, y a partir de ah\u00ed, el n\u00famero de an\u00e9cdotas que tenemos todos los colombianos sobre lo narco es interminable.\u201d<\/span>\n\nSantiago estudi\u00f3 artes y  empez\u00f3 a trabajar el tema de las drogas y el fen\u00f3meno narco de manera m\u00e1s visible a partir del 2008, cuando public\u00f3 su libro <\/span>Una l\u00ednea de polvo. Arte y drogas en Colombia<\/span><\/i>. Hasta ese momento, Santiago hab\u00eda identificado una serie de obras que trataban el tema en el periodismo, el cine y la literatura, pero notaba un vac\u00edo en el estudio de las artes visuales. As\u00ed inici\u00f3 una <\/span>serie de investigaciones<\/span><\/a> que luego fue ampliando al resto del continente, acompa\u00f1ado de exposiciones en varios pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina.<\/span>\n\n<\/span>\n\n<\/span>\n\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,3_4\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila-regular 10-90\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"RGBA(0,0,0,0)\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_margin_tablet=\"\" custom_margin_phone=\"\" custom_margin_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|0px|50px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false\" border_radii=\"off||||\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_enable_color=\"off\" custom_padding=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"\" custom_padding_phone=\"\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"width:10%!important;\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"3_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"width:90%!important;\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_css_main_element_last_edited=\"on|tablet\" custom_css_main_element_tablet=\"width:100%!important;\" custom_css_main_element_phone=\"width:100%!important;\"][et_pb_code admin_label=\"Imagen Esp\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img\" _builder_version=\"4.9.4\" _module_preset=\"default\"][imagen_nota id=\"\"][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=\"Pie de foto\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#6e6e6e\" text_font_size=\"13px\" text_letter_spacing=\"0.16px\" text_orientation=\"right\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"||10px||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px|5px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"font-weight:400;\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nCarlos Zerpa. Homenaje a Colombia (1988)<\/span>\n\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,3_4\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila-regular\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"RGBA(0,0,0,0)\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_margin_tablet=\"\" custom_margin_phone=\"\" custom_margin_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|60px|50px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false\" border_radii=\"off||||\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_enable_color=\"off\" custom_padding=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"\" custom_padding_phone=\"\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"3_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text module_class=\"vst-p\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"50px||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nEn <\/b>Una l\u00ednea de polvo<\/i><\/b> decidiste usar la expresi\u00f3n \u201cel fen\u00f3meno narco\u201d y no la palabra \u201cnarcotr\u00e1fico\u201d, \u00bfa qu\u00e9 se debe esa decisi\u00f3n?<\/b>\n\nNo es una idea m\u00eda. Lo narco no es s\u00f3lo tr\u00e1fico. Colombia es un pa\u00eds productor, comercializador, lavador y consumidor. Adicionalmente,  tenemos una tradici\u00f3n en el uso de las plantas. Para poder trabajar esas ideas hace 15 a\u00f1os, era necesario actualizarlas, el t\u00e9rmino narco es m\u00e1s \u00fatil, y el de drogas por ejemplo, hoy me parece insuficiente, por eso mi pen\u00faltimo libro se titula<\/span> Plata y plomo.<\/span><\/i> Una historia del arte y de las sustancias (i)l\u00edcitas en Colombia.<\/span><\/i>\n\nUna l\u00ednea de polvo<\/span><\/i> fue escrito pensando en los ni\u00f1os del futuro, concebido como un libro que servir\u00eda como un compendio corto y descriptivo del problema que adem\u00e1s contara como los artistas visuales respondieron a \u00e9l.<\/span>\n\n\u00bfT\u00fa crees que existe un g\u00e9nero narco?<\/b>\n\nNo necesariamente. Es, de hecho, algo que yo he discutido mucho, y lo tratamos en el nuevo libro que concebimos con Harold Ortiz, <\/span>Mona<\/span><\/i>\u00ae<\/span><\/i>co. <\/span><\/i>Cuando examinas el trabajo de artistas como Carlos Uribe, V\u00edctor Mu\u00f1oz, Wilson D\u00edaz o  Miguel \u00c1ngel Rojas ves que ellos tratan el tema, pero no hay ning\u00fan artista que solo trabaje lo narco. No hay un narco g\u00e9nero, porque los mismos artistas entran y salen del tema; entran y salen en su particularidad. Si hay una narco est\u00e9tica, como un fen\u00f3meno que se renueva en la cultura colombiana, pero no hay artistas de narco g\u00e9nero en las artes visuales.<\/span>\n\nSi t\u00fa ves las exposiciones que he hecho sobre el tema, t\u00fa dices, pero esto parece una fiesta, hay papeles de colgadura con diablitos, hay  banderas, pipas, se\u00f1ales de tr\u00e1nsito, stickers, submarinos de pl\u00e1stico, una rockola -\u00f3 m\u00e1s bien una<\/span> Co-Cola<\/span><\/i>-, una iconograf\u00eda muy alegre, que t\u00fa puedes leer en clave de lo que quieras, pero no es ni narco est\u00e9tica, ni tampoco es documental. Lo que yo trabajo tiene algo de todo eso. Es bien interesante porque de eso no se ha hablado. En mis curadur\u00edas y en mi experiencia al reunir las obras que a m\u00ed me interesan el resultado es otro: no es pesimista, ni juzga, ni acusa, sino que es un compendio de c\u00f3mo nosotros vivimos culturalmente con las sustancias y como tambi\u00e9n le encontramos salidas al problema o intentamos hacerlo.<\/span>\n\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_2,1_2\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila 50-50\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img-x2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|0px|50px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|25px||25px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px||20px|false|false\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|10px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|5px|||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|0px|||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_css_main_element_last_edited=\"on|desktop\"][et_pb_code admin_label=\"Imagen Esp\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img\" _builder_version=\"4.9.4\" _module_preset=\"default\"][imagen_nota id=\"12680\"][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=\"Pie de foto\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#6e6e6e\" text_font_size=\"13px\" text_letter_spacing=\"0.16px\" text_orientation=\"right\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"||10px||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px|5px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"font-weight:400;\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nSantiago Mesa. Eterna primavera (2017) -foto de Fico-<\/span>\n\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|0px|0px|10px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|||5px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|tablet\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,3_4\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila-regular 10-90\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"RGBA(0,0,0,0)\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_margin_tablet=\"\" custom_margin_phone=\"\" custom_margin_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|0px|50px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false\" border_radii=\"off||||\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_enable_color=\"off\" custom_padding=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"\" custom_padding_phone=\"\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"width:10%!important;\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"3_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"width:90%!important;\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_code admin_label=\"Imagen Esp\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img\" _builder_version=\"4.9.4\" _module_preset=\"default\"][imagen_nota id=\"12679\"][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text disabled_on=\"off|off|off\" admin_label=\"Pie de foto\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#6e6e6e\" text_font_size=\"13px\" text_letter_spacing=\"0.16px\" text_orientation=\"right\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"||10px||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px|5px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"font-weight:400;\" locked=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nNaide. Variaci\u00f3n de f\u00e1bula y bandido (1982)<\/span>\n\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,3_4\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila-regular\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"RGBA(0,0,0,0)\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_margin_tablet=\"\" custom_margin_phone=\"\" custom_margin_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|60px|50px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false\" border_radii=\"off||||\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_enable_color=\"off\" custom_padding=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"\" custom_padding_phone=\"\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"3_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text module_class=\"vst-p\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"50px||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nUna l\u00ednea de polvo<\/i><\/b> se convirti\u00f3 en un trabajo de curadur\u00eda y en una serie de exposiciones, pero esa parte del trabajo se demor\u00f3 en llegar a Colombia, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 crees que sucedi\u00f3 eso?<\/b>\n\nPorque la gente tiene muchos prejuicios. Me presentaba a convocatorias y rechazaban la propuesta, dec\u00edan que yo iba a hacer quedar mal el pa\u00eds. Imag\u00ednate a gente de la cultura diciendo eso, como si fuera un argumento serio. Adem\u00e1s, hab\u00eda mucho silencio. Lo que se puede hablar hoy no es lo mismo que se pod\u00eda hablar hace 10 a\u00f1os, o sea, realmente s\u00ed hemos cambiado en ese aspecto, muchos debates ya hoy se han ventilado.<\/span>\n\nHa habido censura, yo no hablo mucho de eso pero s\u00ed.  Logramos que la exposici\u00f3n se hiciera en el Museo de Arte Contempor\u00e1neo en Bogot\u00e1 en 2018. Y luego logr\u00e9 que viajara y pudo estar en Medell\u00edn, en Bogot\u00e1 otra vez, en Cali y en Pereira, todo en el 2019.<\/span>\n\nDurante la pandemia <\/span>Una l\u00ednea de polvo <\/span><\/i>fue invitada a la exposici\u00f3n<\/span> Narcolombia<\/span><\/i> a finales del a\u00f1o pasado. Fue algo impresionante. No me imagin\u00e9 que eso tuviera ese impacto ni ese p\u00fablico tan numeroso. Los debates por fin se dieron abiertamente, de frente y desde la institucionalidad, en este caso, desde la Universidad de los Andes y gracias a los organizadores de la exposici\u00f3n, Omar Rinc\u00f3n, Lucas Ospina y X Andrade. Ahora lanzamos  <\/span>Mona<\/span><\/i>\u00ae<\/span><\/i>co. Memorias il\u00edcitas contadas desde el arte<\/span><\/i><\/a>,<\/span><\/i>  <\/span><\/i>una serie de di\u00e1logos registrados en cada ciudad donde se exhibi\u00f3 <\/span>Una l\u00ednea polvo<\/span><\/i> en el a\u00f1o 2019 -Bogot\u00e1, Cali, Medell\u00edn y Pereira-  donde participan artistas, caricaturistas, periodistas, y representantes de las comunidades ind\u00edgenas del Cauca entre otros, una serie de conversaciones que tratan  un amplio espectro de lo narco en cada uno de esos contextos: el coleccionismo de arte y la especulaci\u00f3n financiera; el humor, la opini\u00f3n y la censura; el uso y abuso de sustancias y el lugar de las plantas sagradas. Todo teniendo como tel\u00f3n de fondo la implosi\u00f3n del Edificio M\u00f3naco en Medell\u00edn ese mismo a\u00f1o. <\/span>Mona<\/span><\/i>\u00ae<\/span><\/i>co <\/span><\/i>es un nuevo compendio visual sobre el tema, ense\u00f1ando m\u00e1s de  80 obras de 40 artistas, algunas de ellas in\u00e9ditas.<\/span>\n\n<\/span>\n\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_2,1_2\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila 50-50\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img-x2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|0px|50px|false|true\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|25px||25px|false|true\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px||20px|false|true\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_code admin_label=\"Imagen Esp\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img\" _builder_version=\"4.9.4\" _module_preset=\"default\"][imagen_nota id=\"12683\"][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=\"Pie de foto\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#6e6e6e\" text_font_size=\"13px\" text_letter_spacing=\"0.16px\" text_orientation=\"right\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"||10px||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px|5px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"font-weight:400;\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_4,3_4\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila-regular\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_color=\"RGBA(0,0,0,0)\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_margin_tablet=\"\" custom_margin_phone=\"\" custom_margin_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|60px|50px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"0px|25px|0px|25px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px|20px|0px|20px|false|false\" border_radii=\"off||||\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" background_enable_color=\"off\" custom_padding=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"\" custom_padding_phone=\"\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"3_4\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|11.5vw|0px|10%|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|0px||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"0px||0px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_text module_class=\"vst-p\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"50px||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nDesde tu perspectiva y tu conocimiento, \u00bfc\u00f3mo ha cambiado el arte y sus posicionamientos respecto a este tema de los 90 para ac\u00e1?<\/b>\n\nPasan dos cosas. Primero, que con la legalizaci\u00f3n del uso del cannabis medicinal y recreativo -\u00e9sta \u00faltima en Canad\u00e1 y Uruguay-, y la difusi\u00f3n de las pr\u00e1cticas terap\u00e9uticas de otras plantas, hemos dejado de satanizar las sustancias, nos hemos familiarizado con ellas y las estamos descubriendo y descubri\u00e9ndonos a trav\u00e9s de ellas. Hay un cambio en la conciencia colectiva y eso ha permitido dialogar m\u00e1s abiertamente sobre el tema. Por otro lado, se van produciendo m\u00e1s obras, se van creando m\u00e1s situaciones y  el tema ha crecido tambi\u00e9n negativamente en el continente. Cuando empec\u00e9 con el tema, hab\u00eda pa\u00edses que no lo trataban. El fen\u00f3meno ha sido expansivo. Por ejemplo, en Brasil no se trataba y luego con toda la epidemia de crack, se empieza a trabajar el tema de las drogas por parte de los artistas. En Argentina tambi\u00e9n. Rosario, donde coincidencialmente inici\u00f3 el camino de <\/span>Una l\u00ednea de polvo<\/span><\/i> en 2012,  se volvi\u00f3 en la \u00faltima d\u00e9cada una ciudad narco. M\u00e9xico ni hablar, Centroam\u00e9rica ni hablar. <\/span>\n\nCon los viajes y las investigaciones que he hecho he podido reunir m\u00e1s voces. Cuando hice la pen\u00faltima versi\u00f3n de <\/span>Una l\u00ednea de polvo<\/span><\/i> en Pereira en el Museo de Arte de Pereira ten\u00eda 70 artistas invitados. Lo que hice fue tomar la exposici\u00f3n que hab\u00edamos hecho en el Hotel Nutibara en Medell\u00edn meses atr\u00e1s, junto a otras obras que reun\u00ed y llegamos a un n\u00famero de artistas muy elevado, igual al que puedes tener en alguna bienal internacional,  alcanzando su techo. La pregunta era \u00bfpor encima de esto qu\u00e9 m\u00e1s se puede hacer?<\/span>\n\nEn <\/span>Narcolombia <\/span><\/i>decid\u00ed trabajar con 8 artistas, especialmente de Medell\u00edn, tanto para hacer una recuperaci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica, como para ense\u00f1ar lo m\u00e1s reciente. Entre las primeras, dos mujeres que son fundamentales, Marta Elena V\u00e9lez con <\/span>El tigre <\/span><\/i>(1981)<\/span>, <\/span><\/i>una de las primeras obras que efectivamente refieren a la naciente narco est\u00e9tica, y con las pinturas de Ethel Gilmour, artista norteamericana que vivi\u00f3 en Medell\u00edn, y una de las primeras cronistas de lo que era vivir en una ciudad narco. Aparte de incluir artistas como Nadin Ospina, Fernando Uhia y Jaime Avila, ense\u00f1amos <\/span>a ToN oF coke <\/span><\/i>(2021) de Camilo Restrepo,  una tonelada de coca\u00edna virtual -inexistente f\u00edsicamente- adquirible kilo a kilo \u00fanicamente mediante nft. Fue una exposici\u00f3n a peque\u00f1a escala, en contraste con las versiones que realic\u00e9 en progresivamente en los \u00faltimos 10 a\u00f1os -que pueden conocerse a trav\u00e9s del libro <\/span>Post scriptum: Una l\u00ednea de polvo en Am\u00e9rica latina<\/span><\/i><\/a> editado por Pierre Valls en M\u00e9xico. <\/span>\n\nPara <\/span>Narcolombia <\/span><\/i>inclu\u00ed una serie de im\u00e1genes de publicidad de las galer\u00edas de arte colombianas activas en los a\u00f1os 80 y 90,  donde la presencia del dinero y el gusto narco es s\u00faper evidente. De eso no se habla casi y es un cap\u00edtulo que yo quiero desarrollar m\u00e1s y es como el mundo del arte, sin necesariamente tener una iconograf\u00eda narco, se entreg\u00f3 a lo narco,  se puso a disposici\u00f3n de clientes ignorantes en arte. La pieza clave ah\u00ed es Fernando Botero, a trav\u00e9s de \u00e9l puede interpretarse el fen\u00f3meno, desde la inflaci\u00f3n de sus precios a inicios de los 80 a las implicaciones de su hijo en el Proceso 8000. Creo que para responder a la pregunta por c\u00f3mo ha cambiado el arte, hay que ver el arte tambi\u00e9n como lo que se ha convertido, un fen\u00f3meno comercial.<\/span>\n\n\u00bfEn t\u00e9rminos comerciales c\u00f3mo se ha dado la relaci\u00f3n entre arte y el fen\u00f3meno narco?<\/b>\n\nHasta los a\u00f1os 60, 70, el arte, no s\u00f3lo en Colombia, era una actividad muy reducida, le gustaba a muy poca gente. Despu\u00e9s de la ca\u00edda del Muro cuando la cultura se vuelve espect\u00e1culo, y se desarrolla la econom\u00eda de servicios y las industrias del entretenimiento de forma masiva, especialmente en Europa, empiezan a cobrar fuerza los museos, las bienales y las grandes exposiciones como motores del desarrollo tur\u00edstico e inmobiliario. A partir del 2000 m\u00e1s o menos, empieza todo ese fen\u00f3meno de las ferias de arte internacionales, una consecuencia de la gigantesca  especulaci\u00f3n financiera que caracteriz\u00f3 esa d\u00e9cada y que se derrumb\u00f3 en 2008. El arte entra a jugar ah\u00ed porque es algo muy apropiado para fabricar valores falsos. T\u00fa puedes ponerle un precio y decir que eso es important\u00edsimo y quien te dice que no. El mercado del arte sali\u00f3 ileso de esa crisis, y las grandes ferias siguen y las obras de los artistas reconocidos siguen siendo costos\u00edsimas.<\/span>\n\nEl arte ha servido como un lavadero no solo para lo narco sino para el mundo financiero en general. Adem\u00e1s, el sistema del arte es una pir\u00e1mide donde hay miles de artistas, pero pocos son los que realmente obtienen los beneficios y pueden vivir de su trabajo, son muy pocos los que venden muy bien. Es un sistema que se basa en la exclusividad, y por ello s\u00f3lo pocos pueden ofrecer algo aparentemente \u00fanico, extravagantemente caro, imbuido de un aura ficticia, que es finalmente, la que se monetariza y mantiene vivo ese mercado. Y todo eso condiciona al arte y es una cosa muy narco. La alta cultura resulta ser muy mafiosa.<\/span>\n\n<\/span>\n\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\"1_2,1_2\" use_custom_gutter=\"on\" gutter_width=\"1\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" admin_label=\"Fila 50-50\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img-x2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" width=\"100%\" max_width=\"1920px\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"0px|50px|0px|50px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|25px||25px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px||20px|false|false\" collapsed=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"1_2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|10px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|5px|||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|0px|||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|phone\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_css_main_element_last_edited=\"on|desktop\"][et_pb_code admin_label=\"Imagen Esp\" module_class=\"vst-cnt-img\" _builder_version=\"4.9.4\" _module_preset=\"default\"][imagen_nota id=\"12685\"][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text disabled_on=\"off|off|off\" admin_label=\"Pie de foto\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#6e6e6e\" text_font_size=\"13px\" text_letter_spacing=\"0.16px\" text_orientation=\"right\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"||10px||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px|5px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"font-weight:400;\" locked=\"off\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nGilmour Ethel | El minuto de dios (1980) Oleo sobre lienzo _ 70x70cm\n\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=\"on|on|on\" admin_label=\"Pie de foto\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#6e6e6e\" text_font_size=\"13px\" text_letter_spacing=\"0.16px\" text_orientation=\"right\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"||10px||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px|5px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"font-weight:400;\" disabled=\"on\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]\n\nUribe Carlos | Horizontes (1999) Impresion digital sobre tela | 100x200cm\n\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=\"on|on|on\" admin_label=\"Pie de foto\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" text_text_color=\"#6e6e6e\" text_font_size=\"13px\" text_letter_spacing=\"0.16px\" text_orientation=\"right\" custom_margin=\"0px|0px|0px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding=\"10px|0px|15px|0px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"||10px||false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|20px|5px||false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|desktop\" custom_css_main_element=\"font-weight:400;\" disabled=\"on\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\"1_2\" _builder_version=\"4.15\" _module_preset=\"default\" custom_padding=\"0px|0px|0px|10px|false|false\" custom_padding_tablet=\"|||5px|false|false\" custom_padding_phone=\"|||0px|false|false\" custom_padding_last_edited=\"on|tablet\" pac_dcm_carousel_specific_module_num=\"0\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]","_et_gb_content_width":""},"categories":[3,272,280,279,285,278],"tags":[219,484,120,195],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nArt and drugs in Colombia: an investigation\ufffc - 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